Proteomic and metabolomic alterations in response to systemic stress in vivo

Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, this study investigated the proteomic and metabolomic alterations associated with systemic stress in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: control group and mice under stress, followed by proteomics and metabolomics analysis using sera samples. The results revealed changes in both protein and metabolite profiles. Key proteins such as phospholipid transfer protein, complement C1s, carbonic anhydrase 3, thrombospondin-1, plasma protease C1 inhibitor, and haptoglobin were decreased in mice under systemic stress. Metabolites such as inosine, hypoxanthine, acetoin, and glutathione were decreased in mice under stress, while L-valine, glutamic acid, and maltitol levels were increased under systemic stress. These findings highlight the disruption of energy metabolism, oxidative stress responses, and neurochemical signaling pathways under stress. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant dysregulation in key biological processes, including oxidative stress, immune response, cellular homeostasis and inflammation. The differential expression of proteins and metabolites in this study offers novel insights into the potential biomarkers for systemic stress-associated molecular changes with an eye for the rationale development of therapeutic and/or preventative interventions.