Motivational factors impacting the productivity of construction master craftsmen in Kuwait

In today's global economic conditions, improving the productivity of the construction industry is becoming more pressing than ever. Several factors impact the efficiency of construction operatives, but motivation is among the most important. Since low productivity is one of the significant challenges facing the construction industry in the State of Kuwait, the objective of this case study is to identify, explore, and rank the relative importance of the factors perceived to impact the motivational level of master craftsmen involved in primary construction trades. To achieve this objective, a structured questionnaire survey comprising 23 factors, which were shortlisted based on relevant previous research on motivation, the input of local industry experts, and numerous interviews with skilled operatives, was distributed to a large number of master craftsmen. Using a relative importance index technique, the following prominent factors are identified: (1)payment delay; (2)rework; (3)lack of a financial incentive scheme; (4)the extent of change orders during execution; (5)incompetent supervisors; (6)delays in responding to requests for information (RFI); (7)overcrowding and operatives interface; (8)unrealistic scheduling and performance expectation; (9)shortage of materials on site; and (10)quality level of drawings. The findings can be used to provide industry practitioners with guidance for focusing, acting upon, and controlling the critical factors influencing the performance of master craftsmen, hence, assist in achieving an efficient utilization of the workforce, and a reasonable level of competitiveness and a cost-effective operation.