Learning evolving relations for multivariate time series forecasting

Binh Nguten-Thai, Vuong Le, Ngoc-Dung T. Tieu, Truyen Tran, Svetha Venkatesh, Naeem Ramzan

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Abstract

Multivariate time series forecasting is essential in various fields, including healthcare and traffic management, but it is a challenging task due to the strong dynamics in both intra-channel relations (temporal patterns within individual variables) and inter-channel relations (the relationships between variables), which can evolve over time with abrupt changes. This paper proposes ERAN (Evolving Relational Attention Network), a framework for multivariate time series forecasting, that is capable to capture such dynamics of these relations. On the one hand, ERAN represents inter-channel relations with a graph which evolves over time, modeled using a recurrent neural network. On the other hand, ERAN represents the intra-channel relations using a temporal attentional convolution, which captures the local temporal dependencies adaptively with the input data. The elvoving graph structure and the temporal attentional convolution are intergrated in a unified model to capture both types of relations. The model is experimented on a large number of real-life datasets including traffic flows, energy consumption, and COVID-19 transmission data. The experimental results show a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art methods in multivariate time series forecasting particularly for non-stationary data.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3918-3932
Number of pages15
JournalApplied Intelligence
Volume54
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Mar 2024

Keywords

  • time series forecasting
  • multivariate time series forecasting
  • dynamic graph neural networks
  • attention mechanism

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