Knowledge loss and retention in interorganizational projects: evidence from public transportation projects from Pakistan

This paper sets out to understand why knowledge loss occurs and how to retain knowledge, particularly in the context of interorganizational projects. For this purpose, the Orange Line Metro Rail Transit System in Lahore, the Bus Rapid Transit in Peshawar, and the Green Line in Karachi, all in Pakistan, were examined. A multi-case study approach is employed in this paper. Empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews and archival documents. A three-step thematization procedure that involved data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion was utilized for data analysis. The findings present the determinants of knowledge loss, including high time pressure, memory decay, lack of sharing of personal knowledge, and tenuous relationships between salary and experience. For knowledge retention, the findings provide evidence of the transformation of the working environment, externalization, job shadowing, and the provision of incentives.