Effect of supervision and athlete age and sex on exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness in sport: a meta-analysis of 44 studies

Stephanie Valentin*, Linda Linton, Nicholas F. Sculthorpe

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

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Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the influence of supervision, athlete age and sex and programme duration and adherence on exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness in sport. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness compared to “train-as-normal”. A random effects meta-analysis for overall effect and pooled effects by sex and supervision and meta-regression for age, intervention duration and adherence were performed. Programmes were effective overall (risk ratio (RR) 0.71) and equally beneficial for female-only (0.73) and male-only (0.65) cohorts. Supervised programmes were effective (0.67), unlike unsupervised programmes (1.04). No significant association was identified between programme effectiveness and age or intervention duration. The inverse association between injury rate and adherence was significant (β=-0.014, p = 0.004). Supervised programmes reduce injury by 33%, but there is no evidence for the effectiveness of non-supervised programmes. Females and males benefit equally, and age (to early middle age) does not affect programme effectiveness.
Original languageEnglish
Article number2220059
Pages (from-to)705-724
Number of pages20
JournalResearch in Sports Medicine
Volume32
Issue number5
Early online date7 Jun 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2 Sept 2024

Keywords

  • sport injury prevention
  • supervision
  • sex
  • age

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