Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus

Adrian Montes Plaza; Janne Pakarinen; Phillipos Papadakis; Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg; Rauno Julin; Tomás R. Rodríguez; Andrew D. Briscoe; Andrés Illana; Joonas Ojala; Panu Ruotsalainen; Eetu Uusikylä; Betool Alayed; Ahmed Alharbi; Odette Alonso-Sañudo; Kalle Auranen; Ville Bogdanoff; Jamie Chadderton; Arwin Esmaylzadeh; Christoph Fransen; Tuomas Grahn; Paul T. Greenlees; Jan Jolie; Henna Joukainen; Henri Jutila; Casper-David Lakenbrink; Matti Leino; Jussi Louko; Minna Luoma; Adam McCarter; Bondili Sreenivasa Nara Singh; Panu Rahkila; Andrea Raggio; Jorge Romero; Jan Sarén; Maria-Magdalini Satrazani; Marek Stryjczyk; Conor M. Sullivan; Álvaro Tolosa-Delgado; Juha Uusitalo; Franziskus von Spee; Jessica Warbinek; George L. Zimba

doi:10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8

Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus

Adrian Montes Plaza, Janne Pakarinen^*, Phillipos Papadakis, Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg, Rauno Julin, Tomás R. Rodríguez, Andrew D. Briscoe, Andrés Illana, Joonas Ojala, Panu Ruotsalainen, Eetu Uusikylä, Betool Alayed, Ahmed Alharbi, Odette Alonso-Sañudo, Kalle Auranen, Ville Bogdanoff, Jamie Chadderton, Arwin Esmaylzadeh, Christoph Fransen, Tuomas GrahnPaul T. Greenlees, Jan Jolie, Henna Joukainen, Henri Jutila, Casper-David Lakenbrink, Matti Leino, Jussi Louko, Minna Luoma, Adam McCarter, Bondili Sreenivasa Nara Singh, Panu Rahkila, Andrea Raggio, Jorge Romero, Jan Sarén, Maria-Magdalini Satrazani, Marek Stryjczyk, Conor M. Sullivan, Álvaro Tolosa-Delgado, Juha Uusitalo, Franziskus von Spee, Jessica Warbinek, George L. Zimba

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences

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Abstract

Atomic nuclei serve as prime laboratories for investigations of complex quantum phenomena, where minor nucleon rearrangements cause significant structural changes. ¹⁹⁰Pb is the heaviest known neutron-deficient Pb isotope that can exhibit three distinct shapes: prolate, oblate, and spherical, with nearly degenerate excitation energies. Here we report on the combined results from three state-of-the-art measurements to directly observe these deformations in ¹⁹⁰Pb. Contrary to earlier interpretations, we associate the collective yrast band as predominantly oblate, while the non-yrast band with higher collectivity follows characteristics of more deformed, predominantly prolate bands. Direct measurement of the E0(0₂⁺ → 0₁⁺) transition and γ-e⁻ coincidence relations allowed us to locate and firmly assign the 0₂⁺ state in the level scheme and to discover a 2₃⁺spherical state at 1281(1) keV with B(E2;2₃⁺ → 0₁⁺) = 1.2(3) W.u. These assignments are based purely on observed transition probabilities and monopole strength values, and do not rely on model calculations for their interpretation.

Original language	English
Article number	8
Number of pages	9
Journal	Communications Physics
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8
Publication status	Published - 3 Jan 2025

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2024 12 20 Plaza et al Direct finalFinal published version, 1.61 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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Plaza, A. M., Pakarinen, J., Papadakis, P., Herzberg, R.-D., Julin, R., Rodríguez, T. R., Briscoe, A. D., Illana, A., Ojala, J., Ruotsalainen, P., Uusikylä, E., Alayed, B., Alharbi, A., Alonso-Sañudo, O., Auranen, K., Bogdanoff, V., Chadderton, J., Esmaylzadeh, A., Fransen, C., ... Zimba, G. L. (2025). Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus. Communications Physics, (8), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8

@article{26f9a9ab0d2242569608bdecca527859,

title = "Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus",

abstract = "Atomic nuclei serve as prime laboratories for investigations of complex quantum phenomena, where minor nucleon rearrangements cause significant structural changes. 190Pb is the heaviest known neutron-deficient Pb isotope that can exhibit three distinct shapes: prolate, oblate, and spherical, with nearly degenerate excitation energies. Here we report on the combined results from three state-of-the-art measurements to directly observe these deformations in 190Pb. Contrary to earlier interpretations, we associate the collective yrast band as predominantly oblate, while the non-yrast band with higher collectivity follows characteristics of more deformed, predominantly prolate bands. Direct measurement of the E0(02+ → 01+) transition and γ-e− coincidence relations allowed us to locate and firmly assign the 02+ state in the level scheme and to discover a 23+ spherical state at 1281(1) keV with B(E2;23+ → 01+) = 1.2(3) W.u. These assignments are based purely on observed transition probabilities and monopole strength values, and do not rely on model calculations for their interpretation.",

author = "Plaza, {Adrian Montes} and Janne Pakarinen and Phillipos Papadakis and Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg and Rauno Julin and Rodr{\'i}guez, {Tom{\'a}s R.} and Briscoe, {Andrew D.} and Andr{\'e}s Illana and Joonas Ojala and Panu Ruotsalainen and Eetu Uusikyl{\"a} and Betool Alayed and Ahmed Alharbi and Odette Alonso-Sa{\~n}udo and Kalle Auranen and Ville Bogdanoff and Jamie Chadderton and Arwin Esmaylzadeh and Christoph Fransen and Tuomas Grahn and Greenlees, {Paul T.} and Jan Jolie and Henna Joukainen and Henri Jutila and Casper-David Lakenbrink and Matti Leino and Jussi Louko and Minna Luoma and Adam McCarter and {Nara Singh}, {Bondili Sreenivasa} and Panu Rahkila and Andrea Raggio and Jorge Romero and Jan Sar{\'e}n and Maria-Magdalini Satrazani and Marek Stryjczyk and Sullivan, {Conor M.} and {\'A}lvaro Tolosa-Delgado and Juha Uusitalo and {von Spee}, Franziskus and Jessica Warbinek and Zimba, {George L.}",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8",

language = "English",

journal = "Communications Physics",

issn = "2399-3650",

publisher = "Springer Nature",

number = "8",

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Plaza, AM, Pakarinen, J, Papadakis, P, Herzberg, R-D, Julin, R, Rodríguez, TR, Briscoe, AD, Illana, A, Ojala, J, Ruotsalainen, P, Uusikylä, E, Alayed, B, Alharbi, A, Alonso-Sañudo, O, Auranen, K, Bogdanoff, V, Chadderton, J, Esmaylzadeh, A, Fransen, C, Grahn, T, Greenlees, PT, Jolie, J, Joukainen, H, Jutila, H, Lakenbrink, C-D, Leino, M, Louko, J, Luoma, M, McCarter, A, Nara Singh, BS, Rahkila, P, Raggio, A, Romero, J, Sarén, J, Satrazani, M-M, Stryjczyk, M, Sullivan, CM, Tolosa-Delgado, Á, Uusitalo, J, von Spee, F, Warbinek, J & Zimba, GL 2025, 'Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus', Communications Physics, no. 8, 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8

TY - JOUR

T1 - Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus

AU - Plaza, Adrian Montes

AU - Pakarinen, Janne

AU - Papadakis, Phillipos

AU - Herzberg, Rolf-Dietmar

AU - Julin, Rauno

AU - Rodríguez, Tomás R.

AU - Briscoe, Andrew D.

AU - Illana, Andrés

AU - Ojala, Joonas

AU - Ruotsalainen, Panu

AU - Uusikylä, Eetu

AU - Alayed, Betool

AU - Alharbi, Ahmed

AU - Alonso-Sañudo, Odette

AU - Auranen, Kalle

AU - Bogdanoff, Ville

AU - Chadderton, Jamie

AU - Esmaylzadeh, Arwin

AU - Fransen, Christoph

AU - Grahn, Tuomas

AU - Greenlees, Paul T.

AU - Jolie, Jan

AU - Joukainen, Henna

AU - Jutila, Henri

AU - Lakenbrink, Casper-David

AU - Leino, Matti

AU - Louko, Jussi

AU - Luoma, Minna

AU - McCarter, Adam

AU - Nara Singh, Bondili Sreenivasa

AU - Rahkila, Panu

AU - Raggio, Andrea

AU - Romero, Jorge

AU - Sarén, Jan

AU - Satrazani, Maria-Magdalini

AU - Stryjczyk, Marek

AU - Sullivan, Conor M.

AU - Tolosa-Delgado, Álvaro

AU - Uusitalo, Juha

AU - von Spee, Franziskus

AU - Warbinek, Jessica

AU - Zimba, George L.

PY - 2025/1/3

Y1 - 2025/1/3

N2 - Atomic nuclei serve as prime laboratories for investigations of complex quantum phenomena, where minor nucleon rearrangements cause significant structural changes. 190Pb is the heaviest known neutron-deficient Pb isotope that can exhibit three distinct shapes: prolate, oblate, and spherical, with nearly degenerate excitation energies. Here we report on the combined results from three state-of-the-art measurements to directly observe these deformations in 190Pb. Contrary to earlier interpretations, we associate the collective yrast band as predominantly oblate, while the non-yrast band with higher collectivity follows characteristics of more deformed, predominantly prolate bands. Direct measurement of the E0(02+ → 01+) transition and γ-e− coincidence relations allowed us to locate and firmly assign the 02+ state in the level scheme and to discover a 23+ spherical state at 1281(1) keV with B(E2;23+ → 01+) = 1.2(3) W.u. These assignments are based purely on observed transition probabilities and monopole strength values, and do not rely on model calculations for their interpretation.

AB - Atomic nuclei serve as prime laboratories for investigations of complex quantum phenomena, where minor nucleon rearrangements cause significant structural changes. 190Pb is the heaviest known neutron-deficient Pb isotope that can exhibit three distinct shapes: prolate, oblate, and spherical, with nearly degenerate excitation energies. Here we report on the combined results from three state-of-the-art measurements to directly observe these deformations in 190Pb. Contrary to earlier interpretations, we associate the collective yrast band as predominantly oblate, while the non-yrast band with higher collectivity follows characteristics of more deformed, predominantly prolate bands. Direct measurement of the E0(02+ → 01+) transition and γ-e− coincidence relations allowed us to locate and firmly assign the 02+ state in the level scheme and to discover a 23+ spherical state at 1281(1) keV with B(E2;23+ → 01+) = 1.2(3) W.u. These assignments are based purely on observed transition probabilities and monopole strength values, and do not rely on model calculations for their interpretation.

U2 - 10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8

DO - 10.1038/s42005-024-01928-8

M3 - Article

SN - 2399-3650

JO - Communications Physics

JF - Communications Physics

IS - 8

M1 - 8

ER -

Direct measurement of three different deformations near the ground state in an atomic nucleus

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