Chitosan-coated cinnamon/oregano-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles to augment 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity for colorectal cancer: extract standardization, nanoparticle optimization, and cytotoxicity evaluation

Kamel M. Kamel, Islam A. Khalil, Mostafa E. Rateb, Hosieny Elgendy, Seham Elhawary

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

54 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This study aimed to coat lipid-based nanocarriers with chitosan to encapsulate nutraceuticals, minimize opsonization, and facilitate passive-targeting. Phase one was concerned with standardization according to the World Health Organization. Qualitative analysis using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) investigated the active constituents, especially reported cytotoxic agents. Cinnamaldehyde and rosmarinic acid were selected to be quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Phase two was aimed to encapsulate both extracts in solid lipid nanoparticles (core) and chitosan (shell) to gain the advantages of both materials properties. The developed experimental model suggested an optimum formulation with 2% lipid, 2.3% surfactant, and 0.4% chitosan to achieve a particle size of 254.77 nm, polydispersity index of 0.28, zeta potential of +15.26, and entrapment efficiency percentage of 77.3% and 69.1% for cinnamon and oregano, respectively. Phase three was focused on the evaluation of cytotoxic activity unencapsulated/encapsulated cinnamon and oregano extracts with/without 5-fluorouracil on HCT-116 cells. This study confirmed the success of the suggested combination with 5-fluorouracil for treating human colon carcinoma with a low dose leading to decreasing side effects and allowing uninterrupted therapy.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)7966-7981
Number of pages16
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume65
Issue number36
Early online date16 Aug 2017
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 16 Aug 2017

Keywords

  • 5-fluorouracil
  • chitosan
  • cinnamon
  • colorectal cancer
  • oregano
  • solid lipid nanoparticles

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